Those of you who have been on workshops in the last year or so will know that we have been looking for a place in central Liverpool that we could call home.
This has been a difficult task - we have an awful lot of kit, wheels, looms, dye pans and hotplates. And so renting a studio large enough but also within our budget in the city centre has been pretty much out of our reach.
So when a small space came up for rental at Road Studios in the arty Baltic Triangle we snapped it up. The actual space is a tiny 170cm x 170cm, maybe enough to fit a couple of spinning wheels and a loom stand - but it has access to a light and airy, large meeting room which completely fits our needs for workshops. So our main storage space, the shed will continue to keep the majority of our kit safe and sound, we can move things over to Road Studios to make our life easier. We had our first two day workshop there in August and it was brilliant! Everyone loved the venue, it's inspiring, full of artists and creative businesses. Ryde Cafe was a huge hit too, with a great selection including vegetarian and vegan options. The cafe has a cycle hut attached to it so has cyclists buzzing in and out and is a really quirky space
Primarily for us as hosts, the workspace is quiet so there is opportunity for concentration, something that is so needed when learning something new. As we introduce more complicated workshops into our repertoire we need to know that we can rely on the venue to be quiet.
We have plans for new shorter workshops, meaning that in these uncertain times we can offer options for different budgets or pricing structures that break up the outlay. We're so excited about this (I know people always say that) but we have had so many ideas and not been able to implement them that we just can't wait to get going.
We will keep you posted as to what is coming up over the next 6 months but if you have requests, please shout and we will do our best to accommodate your wishes!
Weaving with my stash Part 1
Using up cotton cones on my 8" Kromksi Harp Loom
Years ago, possibly 6 or more, we lived in a beautiful area half way up a hill and opposite a gentleman who used to be in the textile trade. He had a garage full of leftover cones of wool and cotton and offered to let me buy anything I would want! He told me all of the yarn he had was cheap as chips - his chips being a different gauge of cheapness than I was used to.
I ended up with 6 really large cones of cotton. The thing was, it was superfine and although I could see it was wonderful, I felt a little intimidated of what I could create with it and so I'm afraid it has just travelled with me wherever I've gone and other projects have taken precedence. Then someone (thanks Colette) gave me the idea of weaving facecloths and I decided it was time to weave with my stash. A little project, wouldn't take too much time and I could use my little Kromski loom.
Measuring the wraps per inch, it came out at 54 wpi. This would be too fine to use with the heddles so not particularly useable for me on the rigid heddle loom as it was. Plus, the cotton was quite easily snapped, whether this was because of it's age or it's fineness I'm unsure so I had to make a decision on how to use it. It wouldn't be a great choice as a warp thread the way it was.
I decided to chain ply it. This gave me a three plied yarn of 26 wraps per inch. So the 12dpi heddle was the perfect choice. As I was just experimenting, I warped up my 8" Kromski Harp Forte, the cotton now being strong enough to work as warp becasue it was a three plied yarn. I chose a mix of plain weave and a pick up stick pattern
Woven Facecloth Pattern
Here's the pattern I chose:
Warp your loom and use your pick up stick to lift 2 threads up 2 down
Weave seven rows of plain weave, leaving a thread four times the width of the loom to use for your hem stitch. I hem stitched over two ends and up two picks as my cloths are small and so I wanted a smaller hem stitch but you can decide on your own pattern for that.
Weave 14 rows of the pattern as follows
Down
Up and Pick Up Stick
Down
Up and Pick Up Stick
Down
Up
I liked the size of the 14 row pattern as I thought the fabric produced would make lovely little face cloths but obviously you can decide whether to go larger. Using a larger loom, cotton could be wonderful for guest towels with the pattern as edging and plain weave throughout (if you like weaving mindlessly while watching the telly like I do). Having a little project, with if not instant gratification then pretty darn quick was brilliant and I've enjoyed making these so much. So if you have any cotton to use up, I'd definitely recommend having a go, especially if you're a cotton virgin, you might be surprised how much you end up loving it.
Meet the Producer.....
Edward & Laura Sutcliffe
Ed & Laura Sutcliffe
Meet the Producer focuses this time on Ed and Laura Sutcliffe who keep rare breed Lonk and Whitefaced Woodland sheep at Heptonstall, near Hebdon Bridge in West Yorkshire. On Saturday we had the rare treat of visiting the farm during lambing and seeing the fleece as it entered the world!
Last year they joined Nic Corrigan of Whitehall Studio, a designer and machine knitter and Dr Zoe Fletcher from the Woolist and ran a Kickstarter campaign to have their fleece processed and spun into knitting yarn within a 30 mile radius.
Whitefaced Woodland
What is the process currently?
It has been well documented that the price of fleece has plummeted over recent years and many farmers have resorted to burning their fleeces. Ed, Laura, Nic and Zoe wanted to see if there was any way to add value to these fleeces, offering an alternative to what has been the status quo. Just to give an example - the farm sent 800kg of fleece and received £800. This barely covered their processing costs
The campaign was a huge success and the Kickstarter, set at £6,700 raised over £25,000 which shows how many people care about this subject and want to support the farmers who are taking a risk and trying to offer an alternative
What next?
Laura with Lonk fleece
Ed and Laura would love to continue with the project, expanding the amount of fleeces they send to the mill and getting other local farmers on board. With that in mind they will be launching a new campaign in the next few months which offers different ways to support them in their goal.
They will also be at Yarndale so if you're planning to visit you'll be able to chat to them in person, ask about their plans and see the yarn on offer. You'll also be able to sign up to support them and pre order some of their 4ply and DK yarn. Pre orders will be available in September so if you're not able to visit Yarndale you will still have a chance to back the project and bag yourself some lovely traceable yarn.
Why this matters to Lazykate Textiles
From the first campaign we were able to buy some top. This is the combed fleece from the sheep, top is what we use on our spinning workshops. We love using top because we have found it is easier for beginners to get to grips with. Yarn spun from top has good stitch definition in a knitted garment and is less likely to pill.
It's relatively easy to buy carded fibre from farmers or small producers, top less so and so when we learnt we could buy top to spin and have complete traceability we jumped at the chance. We purchased a kilo and have spun it into a fine plied yarn measuring approx 19wpi so a typical sock yarn weight.
Handspun Whitefaced Woodland
It was fascinating to be able to watch the newly born lambs and see the journey from the very beginning. Also, to be able to chat with Ed and Laura and see their passion for these animals and what they are trying to achieve with the yarn was quite something.
Ed is working with the Wool Marketing Board who have been extremely supportive of the scheme and so they hope to continue working together so that this scheme can be rolled out to more and more farmers, offering them a chance to have a fairer price for their fleeces. But also, spinners, weavers and knitters are usually caring sorts who are interested in the story of where their yarn or fibre comes from and as we've seen from the success of the first Kickstarter campaign there is a huge appetite for traceable yarn.
We were extremely happy to have been invited back to Liverpool John Moores University to teach a tutorial in hand spinning for the fashion students there.
This was our third visit this academic year and we've been blown over by both the interest shown by the students and their ability too.
John Moores Uni have shown (in my opinion) much foresight in having spinners and weavers visit to show the basics of these processes. The students will go on to choosing fabrics and processes for their garments can have a full idea of the absolute basics and also the history of these skills.
Why does spinning matter to fashion students?
By taking the time to be able to talk to the students about the sheep, the breeds and the qualities of the fibre and to let them feel the differences in those fibres it makes the connection between the fabrics and the animals that produce them. In terms of provenance and sustainability and giving a connection to local producers, hopefully they will remember and make those connections when they are designing or choosing where their fabric comes from in the future.
We were able to take a range of fibres from different breeds, showing how merino in all its glorious softness would be perfect in a garment worn at the neck. It would be no good in a pair of hiking socks which would need to be able to cope with friction and sweaty feet! Something coarser like a Cheviot would be great for that though, soft enough for a comfortable sock and able to cope with being stuck walking in a boot for hours.
How the process works
Student's Handspun Yarn
We took 6 wheels in and the students shared, two at a wheel, often one treadling while the other drafted just like we do on our in person course. Some of these students had never met before and so it was definitely a case of being thrown in at the deep end.
By splitting the drafting and treadling into two separate parts, it means one can focus on the coordination needed for one process before attempting the other. This makes the whole process less overwhelming and feel achievable even with an audience.
Following us...
Along with us, the University had invited Kirsty from the Liverpool Weaving Company to come and talk to the students about weaving using a frame loom. Emma Summerscales from Studio Thrift also visited and talked to them about Borro and Shashiko, Japanese mending techniques that the students were able to practice. You can take a look at Emma's work here
With regards to fast fashion, knowing how much time and effort it would take to create a garment from scratch can be pretty mind blowing. Even now, the time it takes for me to spin enough yarn for a project has me choosing very carefully the way I will, 1) dye it 2 )choose exactly what I'm going to use it for. Being prepared to mend even the slightest hole is a definite bonus.
A first skein of handspun yarn
If you or anyone you know is interested in this BA Fashion, Design and Communication course at Liverpool John Moores University, there is further information here. Or if you would like to learn how to spin yarn or take your spinning to the next level we offer workshops for all stages of spinning, take a look at the workshops and upcoming dates here
Wool & Wine
What a night!
Our first post Covid Wool & Wine event was a huge success thanks to all the lovely people who attended and a great venue in Briars Hall, Burscough, Lancashire.
We chose Community as our theme and we are incredibly lucky in our area of the country to be well covered with Spinning, Weaving and Knitting groups both in the daytime and evenings for us all to get our fix.
I'm always impressed with anyone who turns up alone to join in with a room full of people they don't know but woolly people are usually a friendly bunch and I believe those who did arrive along were included and welcomed, it certainly was our intention to include all, especially after the couple of years we have had being isolated from one another.
Local Artisans & Producers....
As vendors we had local artisans, Martina and John from Jubilee Fibres and Colin and Carol from The Wool Boat, so along with us that made three boat dwellers selling their yarns. We also had Marianne from Penny Stitch Craft who was taking part in her first fair and Becky from Ovis yarns who was taking part in her last one. Although under the banner of yarn and fibre, each table had vastly different items we hope that appealed to everyone and their budgets. Lets face it, just getting out there and being able to squeeze some yarn was a delight!
Attending in the audience was Karen from Artemis Alpacas and Clara and Shaun from Natterjack Alpacas, pretty local alpaca farmers with fibre for spinners in all colours. Being able to chat face to face meant that we were able to get some ideas fermenting about future projects. Being able to connect to local producers as you know is very dear to our hearts and so being able to be in close contact with a producer, buy their fibre and then spin it is just the best. We're hoping to have some collaboration plans in the very near future
Going forward....
We all agreed it was just such a wonderful thing to be back in a normal setting where we could chat with likeminded people, inspire each other and buy one or two (or three) gorgeous yarns. Like normal old times. So if this is your thing, keep a lookout for our next event, probably around September time. Or, sign up to our newsletter and then you'll always hear about these things first and usually get a discount code!
If you have any suggestions for future events or speakers you would like to hear, then please get in touch and let me know. We have a few plans but we are always up for your ideas.
Next time x
Meet the Producer.....
Interview with Lucinda Bird from Benridge Woolworks
Following our series of meet the producer, we spoke to Lucinda Bird from Benridge Woolworks. Based inCounty Durham, they sell wholesale specially selected wool and bespoke, handmade needle felts. They support British farmers by buying wool at a fair price, which we can then spin knowing we are supporting something good.
We use her fibre on our Worsted, Woollen and Longdraw Spinning Workshop. People are always fascinated by different sheep breeds and how the different fibres affect how you spin and what you can produce. We love small producers so we are very interested to hear her thoughts.
Can you tell me a little bit about your background? Have you always been a farmer?
I’m a British farmer based in County Durham but I’ve got a passion for all rural business and I like setting up enterprises from scratch.
So you started Benridge Woodwork’s in 2020, what led you to set up your own mill?
The pandemic stopped my equestrian business and I could not bear the thought of locking down without progression and enterprise so I processed my first fleece and needle felted a few first animals. I was hooked from there and really saw potential in the product.
How did the pandemic affect your fledgling business?
With everyone and everything locked down it was the prime opportunity to set this enterprise up. I doubt I’ll see one like this again. It gave me time to focus on getting there a lot faster than I would have before. Also many people took up woolcraft as something to do during lockdown.
In recent times farmers have been led to think of their sheets fibre as worthless, with so little paid for it. Do you think that’s starting to change?
No I don’t think it is started to change no matter how much you prove. If you’re not large enough to go into the political side or be a massive player in the wool world getting millions of fleeces through your hands a national change is difficult. That is reality. However, my dream is to change it. Ive managed to change it on a local level. If I can expand so much on a fair-trade way, work with many other fair-trade enterprises to bring back the market and seek a way to create a voice in politics regarding the green policies, yes, it can all come back very quickly.
I’m a spinner who doesn’t have the time or space to process fleeces but wants to make informed choices about the fibre I buy, what advice could you give me and others like me?
My advice to you if that even if you did have the time to process your fleece it takes a very long time. There is a lot of wool in a fleece and the hand carders painstakingly process them lock for lock. For the investment to purchase processed wool not only can you spin more and save a lot of time, you can buy a lot more which means that you are really helping the situation. When a lot of spinners can do this there will be a huge shift and progression in the market.
How can we as spinners support your work?
Share our social media, purchase from us where you can because we are British and fair-trade to farmers. However, we also need to support you so send us your work so we create more social media and positivity. We need to showcase all the finished products, then the public will understand a handspun knitted jumper far more than they will showcasing a carded wool batt.
A member of our Spinning Group was telling us the other day about the workshop she attended with a very well respected spinning teacher who is no longer with us. The purpose? - to learn how to spin yarn. This teacher had a huge knowledge of spinning and was technically brilliant. During the class, she slapped the spinners hands if she felt they were spinning incorrectly. Not a huge deal maybe but probably not something that would happen in any class today. Was that lady so convinced that her own spinning was the absolute pinnacle of perfection that she felt she could hit her students?
Teaching Spinning at the Textile Biennial in Blackburn using Ashford traditional wheels
Why Would Our Spinning Differ?
During lockdown I was able to devote so much more time to my own spinning practice and learn lots of techniques that I had previously not had time to, searching through all the great's books and blog posts. The only thing I became certain of was as I took in more and more information and one thing I say on all my classes is, 'ask ten different spinners, get ten different answers'.
There are so many variables in how we spin yarn, wheel, style of spinning, fibre, our own mood(!) that the only thing I can be sure of is as a spinner you have to find your own way. This is evident in the wpi system we all use which can have huge variations whether we wrap tighter than someone else, whether our yarn is washed or unwashed and what commercial yarn we are comparing it to (commercial yarn brands differ in gauge which is why we're told to use the specific yarn used in the pattern and knit a tension square, which I know you all do)
Although the wpi system can differ from person to person, I would still recommend measuring as you go. This will help you maintain consistency in your singles as you go. We use our Spinner's Apron to measure our wraps which negates the need for tools which sometime go missing.
The wpi chart that Felicia Lo of School of Sweet Georgia demonstrates this perfectly and I do love this chart for it's huge variations. Click here to link through to the original post
So, I think as spinners, we have to find our own way. We take in all the information we can from more experienced spinners than ourselves, books, attending spinning workshops etc but we need to start at some point to document our own spinning journey and experience.
When you spin your singles at a certain wpi - what does that lead to as a plied yarn for you as a spinner? Knit a square, keep a record. Do a breed study, there are so many suppliers now from large mills to small mills who work with local producers to farmers who prepare their breed specific fibre for spinners, links below. We need to start having the confidence in our own spinning ability and experience and tailoring our projects to our own technique. Surely that is what handspinning is all about, a skill that is unique to us. What an amazing thing that is.
https://blackcheviot.com/Farm in the highlands of Scotland producing fibre for spinners from their own flock
Textile Biennial Spinning Workshop
We were so excited to be invited back to take part in some spinning workshops run by Super Slow Way as part of the Textile Biennial in Blackburn, a range of exhibitions and workshops, mostly free that are celebrating the history of textiles, right across the town.
Blackburn has such a rich history in textiles, the Spinning Jenny was invented by James Hargreaves who was from Oswaldtwistle, just four miles away from Blackburn so we were right in the heart of spinning territory. Moving forward there are so many exciting projects on the go, one of which is the Homegrown Homespun initiative which you can read more about here and it's been fascinating to be part of it.
In our workspace there was ourselves teaching spinning and also Brigitte from BeeKay Makes who was hosting drop spindling workshops. We had 6 wheels in all for people to have a try on. As usual, one or two take to spinning straight away and others take a little longer (as I did) but get there in the end.
It was brilliant to see people start to fall in love with spinning yarn and once the initial frustration was dealt with (my word it can be annoying to learn to spin) the calm you see come over the spinner and the realisation of how therapeutic and relaxing it can be is really satisfying. Passing on a skill as wonderful as spinning really is a privilege.
Teaching Spinning at the Textile Biennial in Blackburn using Ashford traditional wheels
We even had time to nip up to the Museum to see the Homegrown Homespun exhibit and although the banner was squashed a little bit and not as impressive as when it was over the entrance to the flax field it was lovely to see it included, especially after all the work that went into it by beginners and volunteers from the local community.
The flax that was produced
Hopefully we will get a chance to take part again, it really was a special project. The Biennial continues until the 31st October, more information can be found here
Meet the Producer....
Sabrina Ross from Heatherlea Black Cheviots
This is the first in a series of interviews with farmers/small producers of sheep that we are particularly interested for their fibre as spinners. I'm hoping to create a directory of high quality producers specifically for spinners.
Our first farmer is Sabrina Ross of Heatherlea Black Cheviots who is a vet, originally from Austria . I ordered fibre from Sabrina which came as two rolls of sliver fibre from her white Cheviot Sheep.
Sabrina Ross
Here, Sabrina shares her story
"Having always loved animals and spending all my holidays at my grannies' self sufficient farm, it was inevitable that when given the question of 'What are you going to be when you grow up?' at the tender age of three that my answer was I'm going to be a vet mainly for cattle and sheep with my own farm. Sounds laughable but fast forward 35 years and here I am living the dream. I've already married my amazing husband who shares my love for animals especially our sheep and the rich biodiversity on the croft. My decision to leave the full time vet profession was hard, but the idea of self sufficiency was too tempting to try it out and see how far one can get. The wool is part of the journey and I especially connect to it since I am fortunate to have a mother who is an expert knitter and crocheter. I always loved wearing the finished garments. From her lovingly made socks to pullovers, blankets to couch throws, her woollens have travelled the world with me and lasted a lifetime. We learned knitting at school in Austria and I was not patient enough to appreciate it back then. Little did I know at the time that I would enjoy hand clipping, shearing and find the science of wool fibre very interesting. I have learned a lot about wool and other fibre in the last few years, picking up spinning from local women, taking up knitting and crochet again.
I've tried weaving, founded a knitting group and what shall I say, it is rather addictive! If someone would ask me years ago if I can imagine entering the wool world or let alone producing wool, I would laugh - very loudly! As it turns out I now love it and it connects me mentally both with my mum and grandmother.
What makes you so passionate about this particular breed of sheep's fibre over another - why do you think it's a great fibre for spinners?
That is pretty simple - our North Country Cheviot (NCC) fleece has a medium to long staple, amazing crimp, is springy, soft and durable - a very rare combination. The wool can be used for any garment, from warm durable socks to delicate lace scarves and soft comfy next to the skin pullovers, hats, scarves, mittens, legwarmers...
We have a closed flock: the only new genetics influencing the flock is from bought in males known as tups. We find that sheep with a dense coat, tight crimp and no kemp tend to thrive through our harsh Highland winters. So the tup's fleece is the first thing we look at when making our selection from up to 1000 forward for NCC sales
Cheviots amazing fleece
An unforseen bonus of this genetic selection is that our wool has all the qualities spinners and crafters are looking for including softness, springiness and durability and all without the need to blend with other fibres or flocks.
With the NCC being sought after for it's many other attributes such as conformations, hardiness and longevity, and with the raw fleece price being so low, it appears that wool quality is not prioritised by other shepherds and we can often get the tups we bid on. In my eyes NCC wool is often overlooked because it is not a rare breed but it really does offer what most spinners are looking for,
We hear a lot of reports about farmers and the difficulties they face in terms of the price of fleece. What keeps you motivated?
These days for most farmers and crofters it costs more to shear the sheep that they will get paid for the fleece it provides. Consumers often buy plastic wool which really dumps prices to a bare minimum and even below that . Wool is such an undervalued product. but from my experience, thankfully quality is appreciated by my customers.
Seeing the bigger picture, climate change is very much in the headlines nowadays and wool can play a role in combating the accumulation of microplastics filling our oceans. Wool is versatile, it can even be used as wall insulation or fertiliser in the form of pellets, the list is endless. It is a chance to decrease net carbon emissions and even increase the ridiculously low price for wool that farmers suffer from.
I enjoy that feeling of connection I get when working with the wool and when I do something I love then that helps me immensely in staying motivated.
How do you see the future for your flock? Do you think there is light at the end of the tunnel?
I am very positive. For instance, "the flock" reached out a few years back to buy a big bulk of our fleeces to process in Italy and this year they even increased their order. It is very encouraging that customers giving their good feedback can influence these decisions. I think this kind of organisation who work together with high welfare and sustainable flocks and want to discourage the fast fashion industry is key for the future of wool producers big and small.
Personally, for my flock I am very optimistic that I can continue offering high quality wool for crafters, the environment and my conscience. I am diversifying my range for example by offering not only hand spun wool but also machine spun (made in the UK) some colour wool and even cute felted slipper to reach the needs of different consumers. As with all crofters you have to be a jack of all trades an have multiple avenues. My wool is a reassuring part for our future.
What can we as spinners, weavers, knitters or crocheters do to help out farmers?
What would really help is to check our what products are locally available, respect seasonality, buy at farmers markets, learn that high quality and local supply chains are valuable and worth the expense. There are many high quality products only available locally that are hard to find out about. Get nosy and ask farmers what they offer!
Yarn from Sabrina's flock
What are you most proud of when it comes to your business?
Working with nature instead of against it. The Highlands are a tough area to live in yet there is so much variety. I am proud that my products use what is already there, it produces a low carbon footprint product and is 100% traceable to my woolly family. The products that I offer are appreciated by spinners, knitters, crochet, weavers and even fibre artist professionals and beginners alike. Seeing a finished garment and a good review never fails to put a smile on my face too
Black Cheviot
To order yarn click the link https://blackcheviot.com/. Sabrina is happy to chat about fibre suitable for spinners, she is incredibly helpful and will try her best to get exactly what you need
Thanks to Sabrina for her time, knowledge and the work she does to produce her beautiful fibre
Fibre direct from Farmers
We have always used British Bluefaced Leicester on our spinning workshops sourced in the UK but not always directly from farmers. To be honest, I didnt know how to go about it. Farmers sent their fleeces directly to the Wool Marketing Board or had them spun into yarn, it was difficult to catch them at the fibre stage. They were probably there all the time, I just couldn't find them.
Having been involved with the Homegrown Homespun project and feeling that this is the start of something very exciting we have been making small changes here that we hope will lead to some larger ones down the line
Gloria, Maria and zoe from theflock.uk
I joined a Zoom chat hosted by Kate Makin from Northern Yarn, somewhere we have been teaching weaving for a long time. Zoe from the Woolist as well as Maria Benjamen from Dodgson Wood were there explaining how they were moving things on for British Farmers so that their wool is valued and used.
Eating the elephant a bite at a time, we're hoping to get there in the end
This is something that we feel very strongly that we would like to support. We have a way to go, but by eating the elephant a bite at a time were hoping to get there in the end.
Our aims would be
1. To use different breeds on our different spinning workshops, direct from farmers
2 . To change over time to natural dyes. We have a large stock of dyes and we feel that sending these directly to landfill is wrong so we will continue to use them as ethically as possible.
3 . Our yarn at the moment is British Yarn spun in Peru by small producers and women led cooperatives. We need a high twist yarn for our weaving workshops (we dont use nylon). If the possibility of having this yarn spun in the UK becomes available we will look into it. At the moment this isnt an option but as the infrastructure is built we hope it will be.
These changes will take time but we are excited to be making a start and I've the next few weeks we will keep posting about our plans
Teaching spinning and weaving workshops and Kromski looms, proudly based in Liverpool, UK
Manage Cookie Consent
To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behaviour or unique IDs on this site. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions.
Functional
Always active
The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network.
Preferences
The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user.
Statistics
The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes.The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.
Marketing
The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes.
